2’-脱氧腺苷-5’-磷酸与羟基自由基反应所形成的自由基

运用可靠的B3LYP/DZP++方法研究了2'-脱氧腺苷-5'-单磷酸(dAMP)与羟基自由基(HO·)的反应中所产生的20余种自由基. 结果表明, 反应的初始产物包括HO·加成到dAMP碱基C8、C4位上所形成的羟基加合物自由基, 以及dAMP碱基环上氨基的脱氢自由基. 而且,反应最初形成的C4位羟基加合物自由基具有脱水产生dAMP碱基环上氨基脱氢自由基的热力学趋势, 脱水形成的两种氨基脱氢自由基都是强氧化剂.尽管HO·加成到dAMP碱基C2位上所形成的加成产物比C4位的加成产物更稳定, 但dAMP与HO·的氧原子间较强的静电排斥作用却使得HO·难以靠近C2原子, 导致C2位的羟基加成产物难以形成. 上述结论不但与有关实验结果一致, 而且还对一些实验现象作出了合理的解释.     

Computational Abstraction

Representation and abstraction are two of the fundamental concepts of computer science. Together they enable “high-level” programming: without abstraction programming would be tied to machine code; without a machine representation, it would be a pure mathematical exercise. Representation begins with an abstract structure and seeks to find a more concrete one. Abstraction does the reverse: it starts with concrete structures and abstracts away. While formal accounts of representation are easy to find, abstraction is a different matter. In this paper, we provide an analysis of data abstraction based upon some contemporary work in the philosophy of mathematics. The paper contains a mathematical account of how Frege’s approach to abstraction may be interpreted, modified, extended and imported into type theory. We argue that representation and abstraction, while mathematical siblings, are philosophically quite different. A case of special interest concerns the abstract/physical interface which houses both the physical representation of abstract structures and the abstraction of physical systems.     

Product Vibrational State Distributions of F+CH3OH Reaction on Full-Dimensional Accurate Potential Energy Surface

The hydrogen abstraction reaction of methanol with fluorine atoms can produce HF and CH\begin{document}$ _3 $\end{document}O or CH\begin{document}$ _2 $\end{document}OH radicals, which are important in the environment, combustion, radiation, and interstellar chemistry. In this work, the dynamics of this typical reaction is investigated by the quasi-classical trajectory method based on a recently developed globally accurate full-dimensional potential energy surface. Particularly, the vibrational state distributions of the polyatomic products CH\begin{document}$ _3 $\end{document}O and CH\begin{document}$ _2 $\end{document}OH are determined by using the normal mode analysis method. It is found that CH\begin{document}$ _3 $\end{document}O and CH\begin{document}$ _2 $\end{document}OH are dominantly populated in the ground state when the reactants are at the ground ro-vibrational state. The OH stretching mode, torsional mode, H\begin{document}$ _2 $\end{document}CO out-of-plane bending mode and their combination bands in the CH\begin{document}$ _2 $\end{document}OH product can be effectively excited once the OH stretching mode of the reactant CH\begin{document}$ _3 $\end{document}OH is excited to the first vibrationally excited state. Most of the available energy flows into the HF vibrational energy and the translational energy in both channels, while the radical products, CH\begin{document}$ _3 $\end{document}O or CH\begin{document}$ _2 $\end{document}OH, receive a small amount of energy, consistent with experiment, which is an indication of its spectator nature.     

Photochemical studies on 3,4-epoxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyrans

Photochemical behaviour of 3,4-epoxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyrans, intermediates in the synthesis of pterocarpans, has been studied in various solvents. While ring contraction leading to 2,3-dihydrobenzofurans through a photodecarbonylation process was observed in cyclohexane, photoisomerisation leading to 3-chromanones was observed in acetone. This study has also been extended to antijuvenile hormone precocene(I) oxide.     

Ab initio Calculation and Kinetic Study for the Abstraction Reaction of H with Sihcl3

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Hydrogen radical and hydroxyl radical hydrogen abstraction reaction from formyl fluoride studied with hybrid density functional theory methods

With the goal of reducing flame velocity in combustion reactions, this study focused on the conversion of hydrogen and hydroxyl radicals into relatively unreactive hydrogen and water molecules through the inter-conversion of formyl fluoride to fluoroformyl radicals. Hybrid DFT computational methods were employed to confirm these results. Based on this, the fluoroformyl radical-assisted transformation of the hydrogen and hydroxyl radicals into hydrogen and water molecules was discussed.     

The selective abstraction of aliphatic aldehydes by gas chromatographic stationary phases containing N,N′-disubstituted-p-phenylenediamines

Summary The selective on-column abstraction of aliphatic aldehydes by gas chromatographic stationary phases containing N-iso-propyl N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine is described.     

EPR studies on regio-selective H-abstraction by “magic blue” reagent from polymers

The radical reactions of polyolefin and olefin copolymers (4-9), polydienes and diene coplymers (10-15), and polysiloxane (16) with “magic blue” reagent containing H-abstracting agent-bis{perfluoro-1-[1-(2-fluorosulfonyl)ethoxy]ethyl}nitroxide [FSO₂CF₂CF₂OCF(CF₃)]₂N(O) (2)and spin trap-perfluoro-1-nitroso-[1-(2-fluoro-sulfonyl)ethoxy]ethane FSO₂CF₂CF₂OCF(CF₃)NO (3) were studied by EPR detection of the spin adducts of the corresponding polymeric radicals generated in the H-abstraction step to the spin trap 3, namely, the nitroxides FSO₂CF₂CF₂OCF(CF₃)N(O) (polymer-H) 17-29. EPR studies have provided information about the regio-selectivity of H-abstraction, the subsequent radical steps followed H-abstraction and grounded a possibility of employing “magic blue” reagent in polymer modification via H-abstraction-initiated grafting polymerization.